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Reasons
and Need for Filtration |
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The basic requirement for filtration is to provide clean drinking water
in homes and other public places. The other major use for filtration of
water and other fluids is in various manufacturing processes. MECO
filters are also used to capture suspended valuable metals or catalysts
from fluids.
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Stages
of Drinking Water Filtration |
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For making drinking
water safe for human consumption, MECO offers a three-stage Water
Purifying System.
For the first stage, a sediment and rust removal cartridge is used.
These come in various micron ratings and MECO offers the most useful
5-micron filter. It may be useful here to list sizes of various
contaminants in the water:
(a) Size of particles visible to the naked eye: 40 microns.
(b) Turbid water: Particles of size 15-20 microns cause haze in water.
(c) Bacteria: Bacteria of Giardia and Amoeba have a size of 4 to 10
microns.
For the second stage, a cartridge using activated carbon is used to
remove unpleasant tastes and all odours including chlorine and some
other harmful chemicals from the water.
For the final stage, ultraviolet (UV) light is used to kill various
bacteria and viruses. for this purpose, water is passed next to UV
light in a reaction chamber at a recommended flow-rate, to destroy up
to 90% pathogens. (The Company assumes no liability here, as at
increased water flow-rates, and under certain conditions, the
effectiveness of UV light to kill bacteria decreases).
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Filtration
for Industrial Purposes |
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For cleaning of
water for use in machines and other manufacturing processes, multistage
serial or parallel filters are used. these are the sediment/rust
removal cartridges, as second (odour-removal) and third-stage (UV) are
not needed.
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Mechanisms
of Filtration |
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The various methods
by which cartridges remove sediments are: direct interception,
bridging, sieving, electro-kinetic capture and gravitational setting.
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Types
of Sediment / Rust Removal Filters |
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The first type is
called surface filters. These look like car air filters, and are made
of cellulose, polyester and polypropylene. The main advantage of these
filters is large sediment holding capacity, increased flow-rate and
longer period between changes.
The second type of filters is called depth filters. These again are of
two types of construction: yarn-wound and melt-blown. The material used
in both types is generally polypropylene. The advantage of these
filters is resistance to alkaline and acidic water and other fluids.
They can generally take more pressure, due to solid construction. MECO
offers USA made filters.
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Types
of Taste / Odour Removal Filters |
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The filters used
for taste and odour removal invariably use activated carbon. This form
of carbon is made by heating carbonaceous materials to 700 to 800
°C in presence of steam or carbon dioxide. The common types of
filters are called powdered-activated carbon, granular-activated carbon
or block-activated carbon. Here again, MECO offers USA made filters.
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Water
Sterilization by Ultraviolet Radiation |
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Water
sterilization
by ultraviolet light (wavelength between X-rays and visible light) is
the most cost effective and reliable method of killing water-borne
pathogens. The light kills by altering the cell structure of the
organisms.
Last
updated on 14-Nov-2005 |
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